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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
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☒ | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2019
OR
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☐ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to
Commission File Number: 001-36112
MACROGENICS, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
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Delaware | 06-1591613 |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
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9704 Medical Center Drive Rockville, Maryland | 20850 |
(Address of principal executive offices) | (Zip code) |
301-251-5172
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
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Title of each class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered |
Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share | MGNX | Nasdaq Global Select Market |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See definitions of "accelerated filer," "large accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company" and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
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Large accelerated filer | ☒ | Accelerated filer | ☐ |
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Non-accelerated filer | ☐ | Smaller reporting company | ☐ |
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Emerging growth company | ☐ | | |
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒
As of November 1, 2019, the number of outstanding shares of the registrant's common stock, par value $0.01 per share, was 48,917,095 shares.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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PART I. | |
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Item 1. | |
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Item 2. | |
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Item 3. | |
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Item 4. | |
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PART II. | |
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Item 1. | |
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Item 1A. | |
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Item 6. | |
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FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This report includes forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Forward-looking statements include statements that may relate to our plans, objectives, goals, strategies, future events, future revenues or performance, capital expenditures, financing needs and other information that is not historical information. Many of these statements appear, in particular, under the headings "Risk Factors" and "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Forward-looking statements can often be identified by the use of terminology such as "subject to", "believe", "anticipate", "plan", "expect", "intend", "estimate", "project", "may", "will", "should", "would", "could", "can", the negatives thereof, variations thereon and similar expressions, or by discussions of strategy.
All forward-looking statements, including, without limitation, our examination of historical operating trends, are based upon our current expectations and various assumptions. We believe there is a reasonable basis for our expectations and beliefs, but they are inherently uncertain. We may not realize our expectations, and our beliefs may not prove correct. Actual results could differ materially from those described or implied by such forward-looking statements. The following uncertainties and factors, among others (including those set forth under "Risk Factors"), could affect future performance and cause actual results to differ materially from those matters expressed in or implied by forward-looking statements:
•our plans to develop and commercialize our product candidates;
•the outcomes of our ongoing and planned clinical trials and the timing of those outcomes, including when clinical trials will be initiated or completed, and when data will be reported or regulatory filings will be made;
•the timing of and our ability to obtain and maintain regulatory approvals for our product candidates;
•our estimates regarding expenses, future revenue, capital requirements and needs for additional financing;
•our ability to enter into new collaborations or to identify additional products or product candidates with significant commercial potential that are consistent with our commercial objectives;
•the potential benefits and future operation of our existing collaborations;
•our ability to recover the investment in our manufacturing capabilities;
•the rate and degree of market acceptance and clinical utility of our products;
•our commercialization, marketing and manufacturing capabilities and strategy;
•significant competition in our industry;
•costs of litigation and the failure to successfully defend lawsuits and other claims against us;
•economic, political and other risks associated with our international operations;
•our ability to receive research funding and achieve anticipated milestones under our collaborations;
•our ability to protect and enforce patents and other intellectual property;
•costs of compliance and our failure to comply with new and existing governmental regulations including, but not limited to, tax regulations;
•loss or retirement of key members of management;
•failure to successfully execute our growth strategy, including any delays in our planned future growth; and
•our failure to maintain effective internal controls.
Consequently, forward-looking statements speak only as of the date that they are made and should be regarded solely as our current plans, estimates and beliefs. You should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements. We cannot guarantee future results, events, levels of activity, performance or achievements. Except as required by law, we do not undertake and specifically decline any obligation to update, republish or revise forward-looking statements to reflect future events or circumstances or to reflect the occurrences of unanticipated events.
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
MACROGENICS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except share and per share data)
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| September 30, 2019 | | December 31, 2018 |
| (unaudited) | | |
Assets | | | |
Current assets: | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 156,593 | | | $ | 220,128 | |
Marketable securities | 97,823 | | | 12,735 | |
Accounts receivable | 9,503 | | | 29,583 | |
Prepaid expenses | 12,019 | | | 6,406 | |
Other current assets | 295 | | | 272 | |
Total current assets | 276,233 | | | 269,124 | |
Property, equipment and software, net | 49,966 | | | 56,712 | |
| | | |
Other assets | 25,252 | | | 6,294 | |
Total assets | $ | 351,451 | | | $ | 332,130 | |
| | | |
Liabilities and stockholders' equity | | | |
Current liabilities: | | | |
Accounts payable | $ | 2,543 | | | $ | 4,005 | |
Accrued expenses | 28,389 | | | 33,021 | |
Deferred revenue | 23,571 | | | 21,721 | |
Deferred rent | — | | | 1,018 | |
Lease liabilities | 2,956 | | | — | |
Other current liabilities | 175 | | | 175 | |
Total current liabilities | 57,634 | | | 59,940 | |
Deferred revenue, net of current portion | 10,037 | | | 19,001 | |
Lease liabilities, net of current portion | 28,582 | | | — | |
Deferred rent, net of current portion | — | | | 10,312 | |
| | | |
Total liabilities | 96,253 | | | 89,253 | |
Stockholders' equity: | | | |
Common stock, $0.01 par value -- 125,000,000 shares authorized, 48,914,284 and 42,353,301 shares outstanding at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively | 489 | | | 424 | |
Additional paid-in capital | 866,372 | | | 732,727 | |
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | 23 | | | (3) | |
Accumulated deficit | (611,686) | | | (490,271) | |
Total stockholders' equity | 255,198 | | | 242,877 | |
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity | $ | 351,451 | | | $ | 332,130 | |
See accompanying notes.
MACROGENICS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
(unaudited)
(in thousands, except share and per share data)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Three Months Ended September 30, | | | | Nine Months Ended September 30, | | |
| 2019 | | 2018 | | 2019 | | 2018 |
Revenues: | | | | | | | |
Revenue from collaborative and other agreements | $ | 17,984 | | | $ | 20,617 | | | $ | 37,468 | | | $ | 43,670 | |
Revenue from government agreements | 757 | | | 181 | | | 1,528 | | | 657 | |
Total revenues | 18,741 | | | 20,798 | | | 38,996 | | | 44,327 | |
Costs and expenses: | | | | | | | |
Research and development | 44,852 | | | 46,218 | | | 143,352 | | | 143,902 | |
General and administrative | 11,833 | | | 9,584 | | | 34,174 | | | 29,953 | |
Total costs and expenses | 56,685 | | | 55,802 | | | 177,526 | | | 173,855 | |
Loss from operations | (37,944) | | | (35,004) | | | (138,530) | | | (129,528) | |
Other income (expense) | (6,687) | | | 975 | | | 17,115 | | | 2,719 | |
Net loss | (44,631) | | | (34,029) | | | (121,415) | | | (126,809) | |
Other comprehensive income: | | | | | | | |
Unrealized gain (loss) on investments | (11) | | | (18) | | | 26 | | | 61 | |
Comprehensive loss | $ | (44,642) | | | $ | (34,047) | | | $ | (121,389) | | | $ | (126,748) | |
| | | | | | | |
Basic and diluted net loss per common share | $ | (0.91) | | | $ | (0.81) | | | $ | (2.54) | | | $ | (3.13) | |
Basic and diluted weighted average common shares outstanding | 48,902,766 | | | 42,239,327 | | | 47,796,957 | | | 40,462,658 | |
See accompanying notes.
MACROGENICS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
(unaudited)
(In thousands, except share amounts)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Common Stock | | | | | | | | Additional Paid-In Capital | | Accumulated Deficit | | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) | | Total Stockholders' Equity |
| Shares | | Amount | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Balance, December 31, 2018 | 42,353,301 | | | $ | 424 | | | | | | | $ | 732,727 | | | $ | (490,271) | | | $ | (3) | | | $ | 242,877 | |
Share-based compensation | — | | | — | | | | | | | 3,750 | | | — | | | — | | | 3,750 | |
Issuance of common stock, net of offering costs | 6,325,000 | | | 63 | | | | | | | 118,594 | | | — | | | — | | | 118,657 | |
Stock plan related activity | 126,707 | | | 1 | | | | | | | 346 | | | — | | | — | | | 347 | |
Unrealized gain on investments | — | | | — | | | | | | | — | | | — | | | 3 | | | 3 | |
Net loss | — | | | — | | | | | | | — | | | (45,017) | | | — | | | (45,017) | |
Balance, March 31, 2019 | 48,805,008 | | | 488 | | | | | | | 855,417 | | | (535,288) | | | — | | | 320,617 | |
Share-based compensation | — | | | — | | | | | | | 4,933 | | | — | | | — | | | 4,933 | |
Stock plan related activity | 88,443 | | | 1 | | | | | | | 633 | | | — | | | — | | | 634 | |
Unrealized gain on investments | — | | | — | | | | | | | — | | | — | | | 34 | | | 34 | |
Net loss | — | | | — | | | | | | | — | | | (31,767) | | | — | | | (31,767) | |
Balance, June 30, 2019 | 48,893,451 | | | 489 | | | | | | | 860,983 | | | (567,055) | | | $ | 34 | | | 294,451 | |
Share-based compensation | — | | | — | | | | | | | 5,352 | | | — | | | — | | | 5,352 | |
Stock plan related activity | 20,833 | | | — | | | | | | | 37 | | | — | | | — | | | 37 | |
Unrealized loss on investments | — | | | — | | | | | | | — | | | — | | | (11) | | | (11) | |
Net loss | — | | | — | | | | | | | — | | | (44,631) | | | — | | | (44,631) | |
Balance, September 30, 2019 | 48,914,284 | | | $ | 489 | | | | | | | $ | 866,372 | | | $ | (611,686) | | | $ | 23 | | | $ | 255,198 | |
See accompanying notes.
MACROGENICS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
(unaudited)
(In thousands, except share amounts)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Common Stock | | | | | | | | Additional Paid-In Capital | | Accumulated Deficit | | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) | | Total Stockholders' Equity |
| Shares | | Amount | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Balance, December 31, 2017 | 36,859,077 | | | $ | 369 | | | | | | | $ | 611,270 | | | $ | (312,340) | | | $ | (61) | | | $ | 299,238 | |
Cumulative effect of adoption of accounting standards | — | | | — | | | | | | | — | | | (6,479) | | | — | | | (6,479) | |
Share-based compensation | — | | | — | | | | | | | 3,386 | | | — | | | — | | | 3,386 | |
Stock plan related activity | 165,546 | | | 1 | | | | | | | 628 | | | — | | | — | | | 629 | |
Unrealized gain on investments | — | | | — | | | | | | | — | | | — | | | 38 | | | 38 | |
Net loss | — | | | — | | | | | | | — | | | (49,536) | | | — | | | (49,536) | |
Balance, March 31, 2018 | 37,024,623 | | | 370 | | | | | | | 615,284 | | | (368,355) | | | (23) | | | 247,276 | |
Share-based compensation | — | | | — | | | | | | | 4,209 | | | — | | | — | | | 4,209 | |
Issuance of common stock, net of offering costs | 5,175,000 | | | 52 | | | | | | | 103,207 | | | — | | | — | | | 103,259 | |
Stock plan related activity | 29,388 | | | — | | | | | | | 496 | | | — | | | — | | | 496 | |
Unrealized gain on investments | — | | | — | | | | | | | — | | | — | | | 40 | | | 40 | |
Net loss | — | | | — | | | | | | | — | | | (43,244) | | | — | | | (43,244) | |
Balance, June 30, 2018 | 42,229,011 | | | 422 | | | | | | | 723,196 | | | (411,599) | | | 17 | | | 312,036 | |
Share-based compensation | — | | | | — | | | | | | | | 4,522 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 4,522 | |
Stock plan related activity | 19,064 | | | | — | | | | | | | | 131 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 131 | |
Unrealized loss on investments | — | | | | — | | | | | | | | — | | | | — | | | | (17) | | | | (17) | |
Net loss | — | | | | — | | | | | | | | — | | | | (34,029) | | | | — | | | | (34,029) | |
Balance, September 30, 2018 | 42,248,075 | | | | $ | 422 | | | | | | | | $ | 727,849 | | | | $ | (445,628) | | | | $ | — | | | | $ | 282,643 | |
See accompanying notes.
MACROGENICS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(unaudited)
(in thousands)
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| Nine Months Ended September 30, | | |
| 2019 | | 2018 |
Cash flows from operating activities | | | |
Net loss | $ | (121,415) | | | $ | (126,809) | |
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: | | | |
Depreciation and amortization expense | 8,119 | | | 5,268 | |
Stock-based compensation | 14,081 | | | 12,168 | |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | | | |
Accounts receivable | 20,080 | | | (7,328) | |
Prepaid expenses | (5,612) | | | (1,164) | |
Other assets | (2,621) | | | (9,293) | |
Accounts payable | (913) | | | (1,465) | |
Accrued expenses | (4,678) | | | 9,460 | |
Lease exit liability | — | | | (298) | |
Lease liabilities | 3,847 | | | — | |
Deferred revenue | (7,114) | | | (5,807) | |
Deferred rent | — | | | (738) | |
Net cash used in operating activities | (96,226) | | | (126,006) | |
Cash flows from investing activities | | | |
Purchases of marketable securities | (214,178) | | | (120,039) | |
Proceeds from sale and maturities of marketable securities | 130,236 | | | 155,848 | |
Purchases of property and equipment | (3,042) | | | (24,239) | |
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | (86,984) | | | 11,570 | |
Cash flows from financing activities | | | |
Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net of offering costs | 118,657 | | | 103,259 | |
Proceeds from stock option exercises and ESPP purchases | 1,018 | | | 1,257 | |
Net cash provided by financing activities | 119,675 | | | 104,516 | |
Net change in cash and cash equivalents | (63,535) | | | (9,920) | |
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | 220,128 | | | 211,727 | |
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | $ | 156,593 | | | $ | 201,807 | |
| | | |
Supplemental cash flow information | | | |
Right-of-use assets modified in exchange for operating lease obligations | $ | 6,408 | | | $ | — | |
Fair value of warrants received | $ | — | | | $ | 6,130 | |
| | | |
| | | |
See accompanying notes.
MACROGENICS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited)
1. Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited interim consolidated financial statements of MacroGenics, Inc. (the Company) have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) for interim financial information. The financial statements include all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) that the management of the Company believes are necessary for a fair presentation of the periods presented. These interim financial results are not necessarily indicative of results expected for the full fiscal year or for any subsequent interim period.
The accompanying unaudited interim consolidated financial statements include the accounts of MacroGenics, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiary, MacroGenics UK Limited. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. These consolidated financial statements and related notes should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company's 2018 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) on February 26, 2019.
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
With the exception of the adoption of Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2016-02, Leases (ASU 2016-02) during the nine months ended September 30, 2019, discussed below, there have been no material changes to the significant accounting policies previously disclosed in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Recently Adopted Accounting Standards
In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued ASU 2016-02, which requires lessees to recognize a right-of-use (ROU) asset and a lease liability for all leases with terms greater than 12 months and also requires disclosures by lessees and lessors about the amount, timing and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. Subsequent to the issuance of ASU 2016-02, the FASB clarified the guidance through several ASUs, with the resulting guidance collectively referred to as ASC 842. The Company adopted ASC 842 effective January 1, 2019, using the optional transition method provided under ASU 2018-11, which did not require adjustments to comparative periods nor require modified disclosures in those comparative periods. The Company has elected not to recognize leases with terms of one year or less on the balance sheet.
At the inception of an arrangement, the Company determines whether the arrangement is or contains a lease based on the unique facts and circumstances. For leases where the Company is the lessee, ROU assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent an obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. ROU assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. The interest rate implicit in lease contracts is typically not readily determinable. As such, the Company utilizes the appropriate incremental borrowing rate, which is the rate incurred to borrow on a collateralized basis over a similar term of the lease for which the rate is estimated. Certain adjustments to the ROU asset may be required for items such as initial direct costs paid or incentives received. The lease terms used to calculate the ROU asset and related lease liabilities include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise that option. Lease expense for operating leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term as an operating expense while the expense for finance leases is recognized as depreciation expense and interest expense using the accelerated interest method of recognition. The Company has lease agreements which require payments for lease and non-lease components and has elected the practical expedient not to separate non-lease components from lease components for all classes of underlying assets.
As a result of the cumulative impact of adopting ASC 842, the Company recorded operating lease ROU assets of $16.4 million and operating lease liabilities of $27.7 million as of January 1, 2019, primarily related to real estate leases, based on the present value of the future lease payments on the date of adoption. The ROU asset is included in Other assets on the consolidated balance sheets. Refer to Note 4, Leases, for additional disclosures required by ASC 842.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards
In November 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-18, Collaborative Arrangements (Topic 808)—Clarifying the interaction between Topic 808 and Topic 606 (ASU 2018-18). The amendments provide guidance on whether certain
transactions between collaborative arrangement participants should be accounted for as revenue under ASC 606. It also specifically (i) addresses when the participant should be considered a customer in the context of a unit of account, (ii) adds unit-of-account guidance in ASC 808 to align with guidance in ASC 606, and (iii) precludes presenting revenue from a collaborative arrangement together with revenue recognized under ASC 606 if the collaborative arrangement participant is not a customer. The guidance will be effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted and should be applied retrospectively. The Company does not anticipate the adoption of this standard will have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.
The Company has evaluated all other ASUs issued through the date the consolidated financials were issued and believes that the adoption of these will not have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.
2. Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The Company's financial instruments consist of cash and cash equivalents, marketable securities, accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued expenses and common stock warrants. The carrying amount of accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued expenses are generally considered to be representative of their respective fair values because of their short-term nature. The Company accounts for recurring and non-recurring fair value measurements in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (ASC 820). ASC 820 defines fair value, establishes a fair value hierarchy for assets and liabilities measured at fair value, and requires expanded disclosures about fair value measurements. The ASC 820 hierarchy ranks the quality of reliability of inputs, or assumptions, used in the determination of fair value and requires assets and liabilities carried at fair value to be classified and disclosed in one of the following three categories:
•Level 1 - Fair value is determined by using unadjusted quoted prices that are available in active markets for identical assets and liabilities.
•Level 2 - Fair value is determined by using inputs other than Level 1 quoted prices that are directly or indirectly observable. Inputs can include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets or quoted prices for identical assets and liabilities in inactive markets. Related inputs can also include those used in valuation or other pricing models, such as interest rates and yield curves that can be corroborated by observable market data.
•Level 3 - Fair value is determined by inputs that are unobservable and not corroborated by market data. Use of these inputs involves significant and subjective judgments to be made by a reporting entity - e.g., determining an appropriate adjustment to a discount factor for illiquidity associated with a given security.
The Company evaluates financial assets and liabilities subject to fair value measurements on a recurring basis to determine the appropriate level at which to classify them each reporting period. This determination requires the Company to make subjective judgments as to the significance of inputs used in determining fair value and where such inputs lie within the ASC 820 hierarchy.
Financial assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis were as follows (in thousands):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Fair Value Measurements at September 30, 2019 | | | | | | |
| | | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets | | Significant Other Observable Inputs | | Significant Unobservable Inputs |
| Total | | Level 1 | | Level 2 | | Level 3 |
Assets: | | | | | | | |
Money market funds | $ | 67,321 | | | $ | 67,321 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | |
| | | | | | | |
Government-sponsored enterprises | 11,695 | | | — | | | 11,695 | | | — | |
Corporate debt securities | 85,564 | | | — | | | 85,564 | | | — | |
Corporate equity securities | 11,547 | | | 11,547 | | | — | | | — | |
Total assets measured at fair value(a) | $ | 176,127 | | | $ | 78,868 | | | $ | 97,259 | | | $ | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2018 | | | | | | |
| | | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets | | Significant Other Observable Inputs | | Significant Unobservable Inputs |
| Total | | Level 1 | | Level 2 | | Level 3 |
Assets: | | | | | | | |
Money market funds | $ | 46,257 | | | $ | 46,257 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | |
U.S. Treasury securities | 12,488 | | | — | | | 12,488 | | | — | |
| | | | | | | |
Corporate debt securities | 100,214 | | | — | | | 100,214 | | | — | |
Common stock warrants | 1,890 | | | — | | | — | | | 1,890 | |
Total assets measured at fair value(b) | $ | 160,849 | | | $ | 46,257 | | | $ | 112,702 | | | $ | 1,890 | |
(a) Total assets measured at fair value at September 30, 2019 includes approximately $78.3 million reported in cash and cash equivalents on the consolidated balance sheet.
(b) Total assets measured at fair value at December 31, 2018 includes approximately $146.2 million reported in cash and cash equivalents on the balance sheet and $1.9 million reported in other assets on the consolidated balance sheet.
The fair value of Level 2 securities is determined from market pricing and other observable market inputs for similar securities obtained from various third-party data providers. These inputs either represent quoted prices for similar assets in active markets or have been derived from observable market data. The fair value of Level 3 securities is determined using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. There were no transfers between levels during the periods presented.
3. Marketable Securities
The following tables summarize the Company's marketable debt and equity securities (in thousands):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| September 30, 2019 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Amortized Cost | | Gross Unrealized Gains | | Gross Unrealized Losses | | Fair Value | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Government-sponsored enterprises | $ | 11,690 | | | $ | 5 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 11,695 | | | | | | | | | | | |
Corporate debt securities | 74,563 | | | 20 | | | (2) | | | 74,581 | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total marketable debt securities | 86,253 | | | 25 | | | (2) | | | 86,276 | | | | | | | | | | | |
Corporate equity securities | 19,102 | | | — | | | (7,555) | | | 11,547 | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total marketable securities | $ | 105,355 | | | $ | 25 | | | $ | (7,557) | | | $ | 97,823 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| December 31, 2018 | | | | | | |
| Amortized Cost | | Gross Unrealized Gains | | Gross Unrealized Losses | | Fair Value |
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
Corporate debt securities | $ | 12,738 | | | $ | — | | | $ | (3) | | | $ | 12,735 | |
| | | | | | | |
All available-for-sale marketable debt securities held as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 had contractual maturities of less than one year. All of the Company's available-for-sale marketable debt securities in an unrealized loss position as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 were in a loss position for less than 12 months. There were no unrealized losses on marketable debt securities at September 30, 2019 or December 31, 2018 that the Company determined to be other-than-temporary.
The Company recognizes changes in market value of equity securities as gains or losses in other income (expense) in the consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive loss. The unrealized loss on corporate equity securities of
$7.6 million was recognized as a loss in other income (expense) in the consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive loss during the three months ended September 30, 2019.
4. Leases
The Company has non-cancelable operating leases for manufacturing, laboratory and office space in Rockville, Maryland and a non-cancelable operating lease for laboratory and office space in Brisbane, California. A portion of the space under one of these leases is subleased to a third party. All of these leases include one or more options to renew, with those renewal periods ranging from five to 14 years. At September 30, 2019, the Company's weighted-average remaining lease term relating to its operating leases is seven years, with a weighted-average discount rate of 9.9%.
Upon adoption of ASC 842 on January 1, 2019, it was not reasonably certain that the Company would extend any of its operating leases, therefore the options to extend the lease terms were not recognized as part of the ROU assets or lease liabilities. During the nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Company exercised the options to extend two leases for an additional five years each, therefore the Company remeasured the lease liability and adjusted the carrying amount of the ROU asset related to these leases. The Company made cash payments of $4.8 million for operating leases during the nine months ended September 30, 2019. As of September 30, 2019, the Company’s ROU assets were valued at $20.9 million and are included in Other assets on the consolidated balance sheet.
The components of lease cost for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 were as follows (in thousands):
| | | | | |
Operating lease cost | $ | 4,080 | |
Variable lease cost | 1,100 | |
Sublease income | (706) | |
Net lease cost | $ | 4,474 | |
As of September 30, 2019, the maturities of our operating lease liabilities were as follows (in thousands):
| | | | | |
Remainder of 2019 | $ | 1,616 | |
2020 | 5,928 | |
2021 | 6,537 | |
2022 | 6,720 | |
2023 | 6,568 | |
2024 | 5,621 | |
Thereafter | 11,098 | |
Total lease payments | 44,088 | |
Present value adjustment | (12,550) | |
Lease liabilities | $ | 31,538 | |
5. Stockholders' Equity
In April 2018, the Company completed a firm-commitment underwritten public offering, in which the Company sold 4,500,000 shares of its common stock at a price of $21.25 per share. Additionally, the underwriters of the offering exercised the full amount of their over-allotment option resulting in the sale of an additional 675,000 shares of the Company's common stock at a price of $21.25 per share. Upon closing, the Company received net proceeds of approximately $103.0 million from this offering, net of underwriting discounts and commissions and other offering expenses.
In February 2019, the Company completed a firm-commitment underwritten public offering, in which the Company sold 5,500,000 shares of its common stock at a price of $20.00 per share. Additionally, the underwriters of the offering exercised the full amount of their over-allotment option resulting in the sale of an additional 825,000 shares of the Company’s
common stock at a price of $20.00 per share. The Company received net proceeds of approximately $118.7 million from this offering, net of underwriting discounts and commissions and other offering expenses.
6. Collaboration and Other Agreements
Incyte
In October 2017, the Company entered into an exclusive global collaboration and license agreement with Incyte Corporation (Incyte) for MGA012 (also known as INCMGA0012), an investigational monoclonal antibody that inhibits programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) (Incyte Agreement). Incyte has obtained exclusive worldwide rights for the development and commercialization of MGA012 in all indications, while the Company retains the right to develop its pipeline assets in combination with MGA012. The Company received a $150.0 million upfront payment from Incyte when the transaction closed in 2017.
Under the terms of the Incyte Agreement, Incyte will lead global development of MGA012. Assuming successful development and commercialization by Incyte, the Company could receive up to approximately $420.0 million in development and regulatory milestones and up to $330.0 million in commercial milestones. Through December 31, 2018, the Company had recognized $15.0 million in development milestones under this agreement. If MGA012 is commercialized, the Company would be eligible to receive tiered royalties of 15% to 24% on any global net sales. The Company retains the right to develop its pipeline assets in combination with MGA012, with Incyte commercializing MGA012 and the Company commercializing its asset(s), if any such potential combinations are approved. In addition, the Company retains the right to manufacture a portion of both companies' global commercial supply needs of MGA012, subject to a separate commercial supply agreement. Finally, Incyte funded the Company's activities related to the ongoing monotherapy clinical study and will continue to fund certain related clinical activities.
The Company evaluated the Incyte Agreement under the provisions of ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers and all related amendments (collectively, ASC 606) and identified the following two performance obligations under the agreement: (i) the license of MGA012 and (ii) the performance of certain clinical activities through a brief technology transfer period. The Company determined that the license and clinical activities are separate performance obligations because they are capable of being distinct, and are distinct in the context of the contract. The license has standalone functionality as it is sublicensable, Incyte has significant capabilities in performing clinical trials, and Incyte is capable of performing these activities without the Company's involvement; the Company is performing the activities during the transfer period as a matter of convenience. The Company determined that the transaction price of the Incyte Agreement at inception was $154.0 million, consisting of the consideration to which the Company was entitled in exchange for the license and an estimate of the consideration for clinical activities to be performed. The transaction price was allocated to each performance obligation based on their relative standalone selling price. The standalone selling price of the license was determined using the adjusted market assessment approach considering similar collaboration and license agreements. The standalone selling price for the agreed-upon clinical activities to be performed was determined using the expected cost approach based on similar arrangements the Company has with other parties. The potential development and regulatory milestone payments are fully constrained until the Company concludes that achievement of the milestone is probable and that recognition of revenue related to the milestone will not result in a significant reversal in amounts recognized in future periods, and as such have been excluded from the transaction price. Any consideration related to sales-based milestones and royalties will be recognized when the related sales occur, as they were determined to relate predominantly to the license granted to Incyte and, therefore, have also been excluded from the transaction price. The Company re-assesses the transaction price in each reporting period and when events whose outcomes are resolved or other changes in circumstances occur. During the year ended December 31, 2018, it became probable that a significant reversal of cumulative revenue would not occur for three development milestones totaling $15.0 million related to MGA012 meeting certain clinical proof-of-concept criteria. Therefore the associated consideration was added to the estimated transaction price and was recognized as revenue. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, there were no adjustments to the transaction price of the Incyte Agreement.
The Company recognized the $150.0 million allocated to the license when it satisfied its performance obligation and transferred the license to Incyte in 2017. The $4.0 million allocated to the clinical activities was recognized over the period from the effective date of the agreement until such time as the clinical activities were transferred to Incyte using an input method according to research and development costs incurred to date compared to estimated total research and development costs. These clinical activities were substantially completed as of June 30, 2018. During the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, the Company recognized no revenue and revenue of $10.5 million, respectively, under the Incyte Agreement. The Company recognized revenue of $0.1 million and $13.6 million under the Incyte Agreement during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Revenue recognized during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 included $10.0 million in development milestones.
The Company also has an agreement with Incyte, which was entered into in 2018, under which the Company is to perform development and manufacturing services for Incyte’s clinical needs of MGA012 (Incyte Clinical Supply Agreement). The Company evaluated the agreement under ASC 606 and identified one performance obligation under the agreement: to perform services related to manufacturing the clinical supply of MGA012. The transaction price is based on the costs incurred to develop and manufacture drug product and drug substance, and is recognized over time as the services are provided, as the performance by the Company does not create an asset with an alternative use and the Company has an enforceable right to payment for the performance completed to date. During the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, the Company recognized revenue of $4.9 million and $6.1 million, respectively, for services performed under the Incyte Clinical Supply Agreement. The Company recognized revenue of $13.1 million and $16.0 million for services performed under the Incyte Clinical Supply Agreement during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
Les Laboratoires Servier
In September 2012, the Company entered into a collaboration agreement with Les Laboratoires Servier and Institut de Recherches Servier (collectively, Servier) and granted it exclusive options to obtain three separate exclusive licenses to develop and commercialize DART molecules, consisting of those designated by the Company as flotetuzumab (also known as MGD006 or S80880) and MGD007, as well as a third DART molecule, in all countries other than the United States, Canada, Mexico, Japan, South Korea and India (Servier Agreement). In 2014, Servier exercised its exclusive option to develop and commercialize flotetuzumab. During the term of the agreement, Servier did not exercise its options for either MGD007 or the third DART molecule. In July 2019, Servier informed the Company of its intention to terminate the Servier Agreement effective January 15, 2020, unless sooner agreed to by the parties. As a result of this termination, the Company will regain full exclusive, worldwide commercialization rights to develop and market flotetuzumab.
Upon execution of the agreement, Servier made a nonrefundable payment of $20.0 million to the Company. The Company evaluated the Servier Agreement under the provisions of ASC 606 and concluded that Servier is a customer prior to the exercise of any of the three options. The Company identified the following material promises under the arrangement for each of the three molecules: (i) a limited evaluation license to conduct activities under the research plan and (ii) research and development services concluding with an option trigger data package. The Servier Agreement also provided exclusive options for an exclusive license to research, develop, manufacture and commercialize each subject molecule. The Company evaluated these options and concluded that the options were not issued at a significant and incremental discount, and therefore do not provide material rights. As such, they are excluded as performance obligations at the outset of the arrangement. The Company determined that each license and the related research and development services were not distinct from one another, as the license has limited value without the performance of the research and development activities. As such, the Company determined that these promises should be combined into a single performance obligation for each molecule, resulting in a total of three performance obligations; one for flotetuzumab, one for MGD007, and one for the third DART molecule.
The Company determined that the $20.0 million upfront payment from Servier constituted the entirety of the consideration to be included in the transaction price as of the outset of the arrangement, and the transaction price was allocated to the three performance obligations based on their relative standalone selling price. The milestone payments that the Company was eligible to receive prior to the exercise of the options were excluded from the transaction price, as all milestone amounts were fully constrained based on the probability of achievement. Two milestones were achieved in 2014 when the Investigational New Drug (IND) applications for flotetuzumab and MGD007 were cleared by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Upon achievement of each milestone in 2014, the constraint related to the $5.0 million milestone payment was removed and the transaction price was re-assessed. This variable consideration was allocated to each specific performance obligation in accordance with ASC 606.
Revenue associated with each performance obligation was recognized as the research and development services were provided using a cost-based input method according to research and development costs incurred to date compared to estimated total research and development costs. The transfer of control occurred over this time period and, in management’s judgment, was the best measure of progress towards satisfying the performance obligation. The Company recognized $0.5 million and $1.4 million in revenue during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively, related to the transaction price allocated to the MGD007 option. All revenue related to the upfront payment was recognized by December 31, 2018.
As discussed above, in 2014, Servier exercised its option to obtain a license to develop and commercialize flotetuzumab in its territories and paid the Company a $15.0 million license grant fee. Upon exercise, the Company's contractual obligations include (i) granting Servier an exclusive license to its intellectual property, (ii) technical, scientific and intellectual property support to the research plan and (iii) participation on an executive committee and a research and development committee. Under the terms of the Servier Agreement, the Company and Servier share costs incurred to develop flotetuzumab during the license term. Due to the fact that both parties share costs and are exposed to significant risks and rewards dependent on the commercial success of the product, the Company determined that the arrangement is a collaborative
arrangement within the scope of ASC 808, Collaborative Arrangements (ASC 808). The arrangement consists of two components; the license of flotetuzumab and the research and development activities, including committee participation, to support the research plan. Under the provisions of ASC 808, the Company has determined that it will use ASC 606 by analogy to recognize the revenue related to the license. The Company evaluated its performance obligation to provide Servier with an exclusive license to develop and commercialize flotetuzumab and determined that its transaction price is equal to the license grant fee payment of $15.0 million and Servier consumes the benefits of the license over time as the research and development activities are performed. Therefore, the Company is recognizing the transaction price over the development period, using an input method according to research and development costs incurred to date compared to estimated total research and development costs. As noted above, in July 2019, Servier informed the Company of its intention to terminate the Servier Agreement effective January 15, 2020, unless sooner agreed to by the parties. Therefore, the Company reassessed the end date of its performance obligations under the contract to be January 2020.
During the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, the Company recognized revenue of $4.7 million and $0.3 million, respectively, related to the flotetuzumab license grant fee. The Company recognized revenue related to the flotetuzumab license grant fee of $5.1 million and $0.9 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. At September 30, 2019, $7.5 million of revenue related to the flotetuzumab license grant fee was deferred, all of which was current. At December 31, 2018, $12.6 million of revenue related to the flotetuzumab license grant fee was deferred, $0.9 million of which was current and $11.7 million of which was non-current.
The research and development activities component of the arrangement is not analogous to ASC 606, therefore the Company follows its policy to record expense incurred as research and development expense and reimbursements received from Servier are recognized as an offset to research and development expense on the consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive loss during the development period. During the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, the Company recorded approximately $1.4 million and $2.1 million, respectively, as an offset to research and development expense under this collaborative arrangement. During the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, the Company recorded approximately $3.4 million and $4.9 million, respectively, as an offset to research and development expense under this collaborative arrangement.
Zai Lab
In November 2018, the Company entered into a collaboration and license agreement with Zai Lab (Zai Lab Agreement) under which Zai Lab obtained regional development and commercialization rights in mainland China, Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan for (i) margetuximab, an immune-enhancing anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody, (ii) MGD013, a bispecific DART molecule designed to provide coordinate blockade of PD-1 and LAG-3 for the potential treatment of a range of solid tumors and hematological malignancies, and (iii) an undisclosed multi-specific TRIDENT molecule in preclinical development. Zai Lab will lead clinical development of these molecules in its territory.
Under the terms of the Zai Lab Agreement, Zai Lab paid the Company an upfront payment of $25.0 million, less foreign withholding tax of $2.5 million, which was received in January 2019. Assuming successful development and commercialization of margetuximab, MGD013 and the TRIDENT molecule, the Company could receive up to $140.0 million in development and regulatory milestones. In addition, Zai Lab would pay the Company double-digit royalties on annual net sales of the assets, which may be subject to adjustment in specified circumstances.
The Company evaluated the Zai Lab Agreement under the provisions of ASC 606 and identified the following material promises under the arrangement for each of the two product candidates, margetuximab and MGD013: (i) an exclusive license to develop and commercialize the product candidate in Zai Lab’s territory and (ii) certain research and development activities. The Company determined that each license and the related research and development activities were not distinct from one another, as the license has limited value without the performance of the research and development activities. As such, the Company determined that these promises should be combined into a single performance obligation for each product candidate. Activities related to margetuximab and MGD013 are separate performance obligations from each other because they are capable of being distinct, and are distinct in the context of the contract. The Company evaluated the promises related to the TRIDENT molecule and determined they were immaterial in context of the contract, therefore there is no performance obligation related to that molecule. The Company determined that the $25.0 million (less foreign withholding tax of $2.5 million) upfront payment from Zai Lab constituted the entirety of the consideration to be included in the transaction price as of the outset of the arrangement, and the transaction price was allocated to the two performance obligations based on their relative standalone selling price. The standalone selling price of each performance obligation was determined using the adjusted market assessment approach considering similar collaboration and license agreements. The potential development and regulatory milestone payments are fully constrained until the Company concludes that achievement of the milestone is probable, and that recognition of revenue related to the milestone will not result in a significant reversal in amounts recognized in future periods, and as such have been excluded from the transaction price. Any consideration related to royalties will be recognized when the
related sales occur, as they were determined to relate predominantly to the license granted to Zai Lab and, therefore, have also been excluded from the transaction price. The Company re-assesses the transaction price in each reporting period and when events whose outcomes are resolved or other changes in circumstances occur.
Due to the relatively short-term nature of the recognition period, the revenue associated with the MGD013 performance obligation is being recognized on a straight-line basis as the Company performs research and development activities under the agreement. The fixed consideration related to the margetuximab performance obligation is also being recognized on a straight-line basis as the Company performs research and development activities under the agreement. Straight-line recognition is materially consistent with the pattern of performance of the research and development activities of each product candidate. The variable consideration related to the margetuximab performance obligation will be recognized upon certain regulatory achievements. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Company recognized revenue of $4.0 million and $12.1 million, respectively, related to the Zai Lab Agreement. At September 30, 2019, $9.0 million of revenue was deferred under this agreement, all of which was current. At December 31, 2018, $21.1 million of revenue was deferred under this agreement, $16.1 million of which was current and $5.0 million of which was non-current.
During the three months ended September 30, 2019, the Company entered into two agreements under which the Company is to perform manufacturing services for Zai Lab’s clinical needs of margetuximab and MGD013 (Zai Lab Clinical Supply Agreements). The Company evaluated the agreements under ASC 606 and determined that they should be accounted for as a single contract and identified two performance obligations within that contract: to perform services related to manufacturing the clinical supply of margetuximab and MGD013. The transaction price is based on the costs incurred to manufacture drug product and drug substance, and is recognized over time as the services are provided, as the performance by the Company does not create an asset with an alternative use and the Company has an enforceable right to payment for the performance completed to date. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Company recognized revenue of $1.2 million related to the Zai Lab Clinical Supply Agreements.
I-Mab Biopharma
In July 2019, the Company entered into a collaboration and license agreement with I-Mab Biopharma (I-Mab) to develop and commercialize enoblituzumab, an immune-optimized, anti-B7-H3 monoclonal antibody that incorporates the Company's proprietary Fc Optimization technology platform (I-Mab Agreement). I-Mab obtained regional development and commercialization rights in mainland China, Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan, will lead clinical development of enoblituzumab in its territories, and will participate in global studies conducted by the Company.
Under the terms of the I-Mab Agreement, I-Mab paid the Company an upfront payment of $15.0 million. Assuming successful development and commercialization of enoblituzumab, the Company could receive up to $135.0 million in development and regulatory milestones. In addition, I-Mab would pay the Company tiered double-digit royalties (ranging from mid teens to twenty percent) on annual net sales in its territories.
The Company evaluated the I-Mab Agreement under the provisions of ASC 606 and identified the following material promises under the arrangement: (i) an exclusive license to develop and commercialize enoblituzumab in I-Mab’s territories, (ii) perform certain research and development activities and (iii) conduct a chronic toxicology study. The Company determined that the license and the related research and development activities were not distinct from one another, as the license has limited value without the performance of the research and development activities. As such, the Company determined that the license and related research and development activities should be combined into a single performance obligation. The Company determined that the $15.0 million upfront payment from I-Mab constituted the entirety of the consideration to be included in the transaction price as of the outset of the arrangement for the license and related research and development activities. The Company has also determined that the chronic toxicology study is distinct from the other promises and has estimated the variable consideration of that performance obligation to be approximately $1.0 million. I-Mab will pay the Company for the cost of this study as the costs are incurred and I-Mab will be entitled to a one-time credit of eighty percent of the total amount of such costs against a future milestone, at which point the Company will reassess the transaction price for that milestone. The potential development and regulatory milestone payments are fully constrained until the Company concludes that achievement of the milestone is probable, and that recognition of revenue related to the milestone will not result in a significant reversal in amounts recognized in future periods, and as such have been excluded from the transaction price. Any consideration related to royalties will be recognized when the related sales occur, as they were determined to relate predominantly to the license granted to I-Mab and, therefore, have also been excluded from the transaction price. The Company re-assesses the transaction price in each reporting period and when events whose outcomes are resolved or other changes in circumstances occur.
Revenue under the I-Mab Agreement is being recognized using a cost-based input method according to costs incurred to date compared to estimated total costs. The transfer of control occurs over this time period and, in management’s judgment, is the best measure of progress towards satisfying the performance obligations. During the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2019, the Company recognized revenue of $1.1 million under the I-Mab Agreement. At September 30, 2019, $14.4 million of revenue was deferred under this agreement, $4.4 million of which was current and $10.0 million of which was non-current.
Roche
In December 2017, the Company entered into a research collaboration and license agreement with F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd and Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. (collectively, Roche) to jointly discover and develop novel bispecific molecules to undisclosed targets (Roche Agreement). During the research term, both companies will leverage their respective platforms, including the Company's DART platform and Roche's CrossMAb and DutaFab technologies, to select a bispecific format and lead product candidate. Roche would then further develop and commercialize any such product candidate. Each company would be responsible for its own expenses during the research period. In August 2019, Roche informed the Company of its intention to terminate the Roche Agreement effective November 2019.
Under the terms of the Roche Agreement, Roche received rights to use certain of the Company’s intellectual property rights to exploit collaboration compounds and products, and paid the Company an upfront payment of $10.0 million which was received in January 2018. The Company was also eligible to receive up to $370.0 million in potential milestone payments and royalties on future sales. As of September 30, 2019, the Company has not recognized any milestone revenue under this agreement.
The Company evaluated the Roche Agreement under the provisions of ASC 606 and identified the following promises under the agreement: (i) the non-exclusive, non-transferable, non-sublicensable license to the Company's intellectual property and (ii) the performance of certain activities during the research period. The Company determined that the license was capable of being distinct, but was not distinct in the context of the contract because it had limited value to Roche without the research activities required to be performed by the Company. Therefore, the Company concluded that there was one performance obligation under the agreement. The Company determined that the transaction price of the Roche Agreement was $10.0 million. The potential milestone payments were fully constrained and have been excluded from the transaction price. Any consideration related to sales-based royalties would be recognized when the related sales occur as they were determined to relate predominantly to the license granted to Roche and therefore were also excluded from the transaction price.
The $10.0 million transaction price was being recognized over the expected research period, which was originally 30 months, using a cost-based input method to measure performance. Upon notice of Roche's intent to terminate the agreement in August 2019, the recognition period was adjusted to end in November 2019. The Company recognized revenue under this agreement of $1.8 million and $1.0 million during the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The Company recognized revenue under this agreement of $3.8 million and $3.0 million during nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. At September 30, 2019, $2.2 million of revenue was deferred under this agreement, all of which was current. At December 31, 2018, $6.0 million of revenue was deferred under this agreement, $4.0 million of which was current and $2.0 million of which was non-current.
Provention
In May 2018, the Company entered into a License Agreement with Provention Bio, Inc. (Provention), pursuant to which the Company granted Provention exclusive global rights for the purpose of developing and commercializing MGD010 (renamed PRV-3279), a CD32B x CD79B DART molecule being developed for the treatment of autoimmune indications (Provention License Agreement). As partial consideration for the Provention License Agreement, Provention granted the Company a warrant to purchase shares of Provention’s common stock at an exercise price of $2.50 per share. The warrant expires on May 7, 2025. If Provention successfully develops, obtains regulatory approval for, and commercializes PRV-3279, the Company will be eligible to receive up to $65.0 million in development and regulatory milestones and up to $225.0 million in commercial milestones. As of September 30, 2019, the Company has not recognized any milestone revenue under this agreement. If PRV-3279 is commercialized, the Company would be eligible to receive single-digit royalties on net sales of the product. The license agreement may be terminated by either party upon a material breach or bankruptcy of the other party, by Provention without cause upon prior notice to the Company, and by the Company in the event that Provention challenges the validity of any licensed patent under the agreement, but only with respect to the challenged patent.
Also in May 2018, the Company entered into an Asset Purchase Agreement with Provention pursuant to which Provention acquired the Company’s interest in teplizumab (renamed PRV-031), a monoclonal antibody being developed for the treatment of type 1 diabetes (Provention Asset Purchase Agreement). As partial consideration for the Provention Asset Purchase Agreement, Provention granted the Company a warrant to purchase shares of Provention’s common stock at an exercise price of $2.50 per share. The warrant expires on May 7, 2025. If Provention successfully develops, obtains regulatory approval for, and commercializes PRV-031, the Company will be eligible to receive up to $170.0 million in regulatory
milestones and up to $225.0 million in commercial milestones. If PRV-031 is commercialized, the Company would be eligible to receive single-digit royalties on net sales of the product. Provention has also agreed to pay third-party obligations, including low single-digit royalties, a portion of which is creditable against royalties payable to the Company, aggregate milestone payments of up to approximately $1.3 million and other consideration, for certain third-party intellectual property under agreements Provention is assuming pursuant to the Provention Asset Purchase Agreement. Further, Provention is required to pay the Company a low double-digit percentage of certain consideration to the extent it is received in connection with a future grant of rights to PRV-031 by Provention to a third party.
The Company evaluated the Provention License Agreement and Provention Asset Purchase Agreement under the provisions of ASC 606 and determined that they should be accounted for as a single contract and identified two performance obligations within that contract: (i) the license of MGD010 and (ii) the title to teplizumab. The Company determined that the transaction price of the Provention agreements was $6.1 million, based on the Black-Scholes valuation of the warrants to purchase 2,432,688 shares of Provention's common stock. The transaction price was allocated to each performance obligation based on the number of shares of common stock the Company is entitled to purchase under each warrant, which represents the relative fair value of each performance obligation. The potential development and regulatory milestone payments are fully constrained until the Company concludes that achievement of the milestone is probable and that recognition of revenue related to the milestone will not result in a significant reversal in amounts recognized in future periods, and as such have been excluded from the transaction price. Any consideration related to sales-based milestones and royalties will be recognized when the related sales occur, therefore they have also been excluded from the transaction price. The Company re-assesses the transaction price in each reporting period and when events whose outcomes are resolved or other changes in circumstances occur.
The Company recognized revenue of $6.1 million when it satisfied its performance obligations under the agreements and transferred the MGD010 license and teplizumab assets to Provention in May 2018. The warrants are reported in Other assets on the December 31, 2018 consolidated balance sheet and were revalued at each reporting period based on current Black-Scholes parameters until the warrants were exercised. The resulting increase or decrease is reflected in Other income (expense) on the consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive loss. There was no material change in the valuation of the warrants during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018. The warrants were valued at $1.9 million as of December 31, 2018, and through the date that they were exercised, the Company recorded an increase in the valuation of the warrants of $20.5 million. In July 2019, the Company exercised the warrants on a cashless basis, and the remaining shares of Provention's common stock acquired are reported in Marketable securities on the September 30, 2019 balance sheet.
NIAID Contract
The Company entered into a contract with the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), effective as of September 15, 2015, to perform product development and to advance up to two DART molecules, including MGD014 (NIAID Agreement). Under the NIAID Agreement, the Company will develop these product candidates for Phase 1/2 clinical trials as therapeutic agents, in combination with latency reversing treatments, to deplete cells infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. NIAID does not receive goods or services from the Company under this contract, therefore the Company does not consider NIAID to be a customer and concluded this contract is outside the scope of Topic 606.
The NIAID Agreement includes a base period of up to $7.5 million to support development of MGD014 through IND application submission with the FDA, as well as up to $17.0 million in additional development funding via NIAID options. Should NIAID fully exercise such options, the Company could receive total payments of up to $24.5 million. The total potential period of performance under the award is from September 15, 2015 through December 31, 2024. In 2017, NIAID exercised the first option in the amount of up to $10.8 million. During the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, the Company recognized revenue of under the NIAID Agreement of $0.8 million and $0.2 million, respectively. During the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, the Company recognized revenue of under the NIAID Agreement of $1.5 million and $0.6 million, respectively.
7. Stock-Based Compensation
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
In May 2017, the Company’s stockholders approved the 2016 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the 2016 ESPP). The 2016 ESPP is structured as a qualified employee stock purchase plan under Section 423 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (IRC), and is not subject to the provisions of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974. The Company reserved 800,000 shares of common stock for issuance under the 2016 ESPP. The 2016 ESPP allows eligible employees to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock at a discount through payroll deductions of up to 10% of their eligible compensation, subject to any plan limitations. The 2016 ESPP provides for six-month offering periods ending on May 31 and November 30 of each year. At the end of each offering period, employees are able to purchase shares at 85% of the fair
market value of the Company’s common stock on the last day of the offering period. During the nine months ended September 30, 2019, 25,722 shares of common stock were purchased under the 2016 ESPP for net proceeds to the Company of approximately $0.4 million.
Employee Stock Option Plans
Effective February 2003, the Company implemented the 2003 Equity Incentive Plan (2003 Plan), and it was amended and approved by the Company's stockholders in 2005. Stock options granted under the 2003 Plan may be either incentive stock options as defined by the IRC, or non-qualified stock options. In 2013, the 2003 Plan was terminated, and no further awards may be issued under the plan. Any shares of common stock subject to awards under the 2003 Plan that expire, terminate, or are otherwise surrendered, canceled, forfeited or repurchased without having been fully exercised, or resulting in any common stock being issued, will become available for issuance under the 2013 Stock Incentive Plan (2013 Plan), up to a specified number of shares. As of September 30, 2019, under the 2003 Plan, there were options to purchase an aggregate of 559,357 shares of common stock outstanding at a weighted average exercise price of $2.30 per share.
In October 2013, the Company implemented the 2013 Plan. The 2013 Plan provides for the grant of stock options and other stock-based awards, as well as cash-based performance awards. The number of shares of common stock reserved for issuance under the 2013 Plan will automatically increase on January 1 of each year from January 1, 2014 through and including January 1, 2023, by the lesser of (a) 1,960,168 shares, (b) 4.0% of the total number of shares of common stock outstanding on December 31 of the preceding calendar year, or (c) the number of shares of common stock determined by the Company's Board of Directors. During the nine months ended September 30, 2019, the maximum number of shares of common stock authorized to be issued by the Company under the 2013 Plan was increased to 9,938,263. If an option expires or terminates for any reason without having been fully exercised, if any shares of restricted stock are forfeited, or if any award terminates, expires or is settled without all or a portion of the shares of common stock covered by the award being issued, such shares are available for the grant of additional awards. However, any shares that are withheld (or delivered) to pay withholding taxes or to pay the exercise price of an option are not available for the grant of additional awards. As of September 30, 2019, there were options to purchase an aggregate of 6,689,172 shares of common stock outstanding at a weighted average exercise price of $22.55 per share under the 2013 Plan.
The following stock-based compensation expense was recognized for the periods indicated (in thousands):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Three Months Ended September 30, | | | | Nine Months Ended September 30, | | |
| 2019 | | 2018 | | 2019 | | 2018 |
Research and development | $ | 2,765 | | | $ | 2,440 | | | $ | 7,032 | | | $ | 6,347 | |
General and administrative | 2,633 | | | 2,133 | | | 7,049 | | | 5,821 | |
Total stock-based compensation expense | $ | 5,398 | | | $ | 4,573 | | | $ | 14,081 | | | $ | 12,168 | |
The fair value of each option award is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model using the assumptions in the following table for options issued during the period indicated:
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| Nine Months Ended September 30, | | |
| 2019 | | 2018 |
Expected dividend yield | 0% | | | 0% | |
Expected volatility | 73.7% - 76.6% | | 67.8% - 72.2% |
Risk-free interest rate | 1.4% - 2.6% | | 2.4% - 3.1% |
Expected term | 6.25 years | | 6.25 years |
The following table summarizes stock option activity during the nine months ended September 30, 2019:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Shares | | Weighted- Average Exercise Price | | Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years) | | Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in thousands) |
Outstanding, December 31, 2018 | 5,273,964 | | | $ | 22.23 | | | 6.8 | | |
Granted | 2,384,770 | | | 16.87 | | | | | |
Exercised | (210,261) | | | 3.11 | | | | | |
Forfeited or expired | (199,944) | | | 23.44 | | | | | |
Outstanding, September 30, 2019 | 7,248,529 | | | 20.98 | | | 7.3 | | $ | 11,733 | |
As of September 30, 2019: | | | | | | | |
Exercisable | 4,074,460 | | | 22.13 | | | 5.9 | | 5,849 | |
Vested and expected to vest | 6,936,223 | | | 20.98 | | | 7.2 | | 11,367 | |
The weighted-average grant-date fair value of options granted during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 was $14.33 and $18.07, respectively. The total intrinsic value of options exercised during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 was approximately $2.8 million and $4.0 million, respectively. The total cash received for options exercised during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 was approximately $0.7 million and $0.9 million, respectively. The total fair value of shares vested in the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 was approximately $12.8 million and $11.9 million, respectively. As of September 30, 2019, the total unrecognized compensation expense related to non-vested stock options, net of related forfeiture estimates, was approximately $40.8 million, which the Company expects to recognize over a weighted-average period of approximately 2.6 years.
8. Commitments and Contingencies
On September 13, 2019, a class action suit, entitled Todd Hill v. MacroGenics, Inc. (Case No. 8:19-cv-02713), was filed in the U.S. District Court for the District of Maryland against the Company and certain of its officers and/or directors, alleging violations of securities laws during 2019. The suit asserts certain claims under Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 based on alleged misstatements or omissions concerning the Company's margetuximab Phase 3 SOPHIA study. The Company believes this suit is without merit and plans to vigorously defend against these claims. Currently, no reserve has been established for any potential liability related to this suit.
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ITEM 2. | MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS |
The following discussion of our financial condition and results of operations is based upon our unaudited consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, which have been prepared by us in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP), for interim periods and with Regulation S-X promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. This discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with these unaudited consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto as well as in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018.
Overview
We are a biopharmaceutical company focused on discovering and developing innovative antibody-based therapeutics to modulate the human immune response for the treatment of cancer. We currently have a pipeline of product candidates in human clinical testing that have been created primarily using our proprietary technology platforms. We believe our programs have the potential to have a meaningful effect on treating patients' unmet medical needs as monotherapy or, in some cases, in combination with other therapeutic agents.
We commenced active operations in 2000, and have since devoted substantially all of our resources to staffing our company, developing our technology platforms, identifying potential product candidates, undertaking preclinical studies, conducting clinical trials, developing collaborations, business planning and raising capital. We have not generated any revenues from the sale of any products to date. We have financed our operations primarily through the public and private offerings of our securities, collaborations with other biopharmaceutical companies, and government grants and contracts. Although it is difficult to predict our funding requirements, based upon our current operating plan, we anticipate that our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities as of September 30, 2019, as well as collaboration payments we anticipate receiving, will enable us to fund our operations into 2021 based on our current business plan.
Through September 30, 2019, we had an accumulated deficit of $611.7 million. We expect that over the next several years this deficit will increase as we increase our expenditures in research and development in connection with our ongoing activities with several clinical trials.
Strategic Collaborations
We pursue a balanced approach between product candidates that we develop ourselves and those that we develop with our collaborators. Under our strategic collaborations to date, we have received significant non-dilutive funding and continue to have rights to additional funding upon completion of certain research, achievement of key product development milestones and royalties and other payments upon the commercial sale of products. Our current strategic collaborations include the following:
•Incyte. In October 2017, we entered into an exclusive global collaboration and license agreement with Incyte Corporation (Incyte) for MGA012, an investigational monoclonal antibody that inhibits programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1). Incyte has obtained exclusive worldwide rights for the development and commercialization of MGA012 in all indications, while we retain the right to develop our pipeline assets in combination with MGA012. The transaction closed in the fourth quarter of 2017 and we received a $150.0 million upfront payment from Incyte upon the closing.
Under the terms of the collaboration, Incyte will lead global development of MGA012. Assuming successful development and commercialization of MGA012 by Incyte, we could receive development and regulatory milestones of up to approximately $420.0 million, of which we have already received $15.0 million, and up to $330.0 million in commercial milestones. If MGA012 is commercialized, we would be eligible to receive tiered royalties of 15% to 24% on any global net sales and we have the option to co-promote with Incyte. We retain the right to develop our pipeline assets in combination with MGA012, with Incyte commercializing MGA012 and us commercializing our asset(s), if any such potential combinations are approved. We also have an agreement with Incyte under which we are to perform development and manufacturing services for Incyte's clinical needs of MGA012. In addition, we retain the right to manufacture a portion of both companies' global commercial supply needs of MGA012, subject to a separate commercial supply agreement.
•Servier. In September 2012, we entered into an agreement with Les Laboratoires Servier and Institut de Recherches Servier (collectively, Servier) to develop and commercialize three DART molecules in all countries other than the United States, Canada, Mexico, Japan, South Korea and India. We received a $20.0 million upfront option fee upon execution of the agreement. In February 2014, Servier exercised its option to develop and commercialize flotetuzumab, for which we received a $15.0 million license option fee. In July 2019, Servier informed us of its intention to terminate the Servier Agreement effective January 15, 2020, unless sooner agreed to by the parties. As a result of this termination, we will regain full exclusive, worldwide commercialization rights to develop and market flotetuzumab.
•Zai Lab. In November 2018, we entered into a collaboration and license agreement with Zai Lab Limited (Zai Lab) under which Zai Lab obtained regional development and commercialization rights in mainland China, Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan for (i) margetuximab, an immune-enhancing anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody, (ii) MGD013, a bispecific DART molecule designed to provide coordinate blockade of PD-1 and LAG-3 for the potential treatment of a range of solid tumors and hematological malignancies, and (iii) an undisclosed multi-specific TRIDENT molecule in preclinical development. Zai Lab will lead clinical development in its territory.
Under the terms of the agreement, Zai Lab paid us an upfront payment of $25.0 million less foreign withholding tax of $2.5 million, which was received in January 2019. Assuming successful development and commercialization of margetuximab, MGD013 and the TRIDENT molecule, we could receive up to $140.0 million in development and regulatory milestones. In addition, Zai Lab would pay us double-digit royalties on annual net sales of the assets, which may be subject to adjustment in specified circumstances.
Critical Accounting Policies and Significant Judgments and Estimates
Our critical accounting policies are those policies which require the most significant judgments and estimates in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements. A summary of our critical accounting policies is presented in Part II, Item 7, of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018. Except as described in Note 1 to our accompanying consolidated financial statements with respect to our adoption of the requirements of ASC 842, there have been no significant changes to our critical accounting policies and estimates during the nine months ended September 30, 2019.
Results of Operations
Revenue
The following represents a comparison of our revenue for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Three Months Ended September 30, | | | | Increase/(Decrease) | | |
| 2019 | | 2018 | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| (dollars in millions) | | | | | | |
Revenue from collaborative and other agreements | $ | 18.0 | | | $ | 20.6 | | | $ | (2.6) | | | (13) | % |
Revenue from government agreements | 0.8 | | | 0.2 | | | 0.6 | | | 318 | % |
Total revenue | $ | 18.7 | | | $ | 20.8 | | | $ | (2.1) | | | (10) | % |
The decrease in revenue of $2.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2018 was primarily due to:
•decreased revenue recognized under the Incyte Agreement. Revenue recognized during the three months ended September 30, 2018 included $10.0 million in milestones and higher revenue related to development and manufacturing services performed under the clinical supply agreement than during the three months ended September 30, 2019.
This decrease was partially offset by:
•increased revenue recognition of the Servier flotetuzumab license grant fee during the three months ended September 30, 2019 due to Servier's notice of their intention to terminate the agreement effective January 15, 2020;
•revenue recognition of the deferred upfront payment under the Zai Lab collaboration and license agreement of $4.0 million during the three months ended September 30, 2019; and
•recognition of $1.2 million in revenue during the three months ended September 30, 2019 related to manufacturing services performed under the Zai Lab clinical supply agreements.
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| Nine Months Ended September 30, | | | | Increase/(Decrease) | | |
| 2019 | | 2018 | | | | |
| (dollars in millions) | | | | | | |
Revenue from collaborative and other agreements | $ | 37.5 | | | $ | 43.7 | | | $ | (6.2) | | | (14) | % |
Revenue from government agreements | 1.5 | | | 0.6 | | | 0.9 | | | 152 | % |
Total revenue | $ | 39.0 | | | $ | 44.3 | | | $ | (5.3) | | | (12) | % |
The decrease in revenue of $5.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2018 was primarily due to:
•revenue recognized under the Provention License Agreement and Provention Asset Purchase Agreement of $6.1 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2018; and
•decreased revenue recognized under the Incyte Agreement. Revenue recognized during the nine months ended September 30, 2018 included $10.0 million in milestones, revenue related to certain clinical activities performed, and higher revenue related to development and manufacturing services performed under the clinical supply agreement than during the nine months ended September 30, 2019.
These decreases were partially offset by:
•increased revenue recognition of the Servier flotetuzumab license grant fee during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 due to Servier's notice of their intention to terminate the agreement effective January 15, 2020;
•revenue recognition of the deferred upfront payment under the Zai Lab collaboration and license agreement of $12.1 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2019; and
•recognition of $1.2 million in revenue during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 related to manufacturing services performed under the Zai Lab clinical supply agreements.
Research and Development Expense
The following represents a comparison of our research and development expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Three Months Ended September 30, | | | | Increase/(Decrease) | | |
| 2019 | | 2018 | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| (dollars in millions) | | | | | | |
Margetuximab | $ | 11.3 | | | $ | 10.7 | | | $ | 0.6 | | | 6 | % |
Enoblituzumab | 4.7 | | | 3.1 | | | 1.6 | | | 52 | % |
MGA012 | 4.4 | | | 8.1 | | | (3.7) | | | (46) | % |
Flotetuzumab(a) | 2.4 | | | 5.2 | | | (2.8) | | | (54) | % |
MGD013 | 8.3 | | | 3.9 | | | 4.4 | | | 113 | % |
MGC018 | 2.0 | | | 2.0 | | | — | | | — | % |
MGD007 | 1.2 | | | 2.2 | | | (1.0) | | | (45) | % |
MGD009 | 1.7 | | | 2.2 | | | (0.5) | | | (23) | % |
Other immune modulator programs | 1.9 | | | 2.1 | | | (0.2) | | | (10) | % |
Discovery and other pipeline programs, collectively | 7.0 | | | 6.7 | | | 0.3 | | | 4 | % |
Total research and development expense | $ | 44.9 | | | $ | 46.2 | | | $ | (1.3) | | | (3) | % |
(a) Expenses are shown net of reimbursements from collaborator.
Our research and development expense for the three months ended September 30, 2019 decreased by $1.3 million compared to the three months ended September 30, 2018 primarily due to:
•decreased development and manufacturing costs related to MGA012 and flotetuzumab.
These decreases were partially offset by:
•increased clinical trial costs related to our ongoing MGD013 Phase 1 study.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Nine Months Ended September 30, | | | | Increase/(Decrease) | | |
| 2019 | | 2018 | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| (dollars in millions) | | | | | | |
Margetuximab | $ | 39.5 | | | $ | 51.1 | | | $ | (11.6) | | | (23) | % |
Enoblituzumab | 12.6 | | | 12.0 | | | 0.6 | | | 5 | % |
Flotetuzumab(a) | 9.4 | | | 13.3 | | | (3.9) | | | (29) | % |
MGA012 | 17.7 | | | 19.1 | | | (1.4) | | | (7) | % |
MGD013 | 17.3 | | | 7.0 | | | 10.3 | | | 147 | % |
MGD009 | 5.5 | | | 7.0 | | | (1.5) | | | (21) | % |
MGC018 | 8.6 | | | 5.8 | | | 2.8 | | | 48 | % |
MGD007 | 4.0 | | | 6.2 | | | (2.2) | | | (35) | % |
Other immune modulator programs | 7.0 | | | 5.4 | | | 1.6 | | | 30 | % |
Discovery and other pipeline programs, collectively | 21.8 | | | 17.0 | | | 4.8 | | | 28 | % |
Total research and development expense | $ | 143.4 | | | $ | 143.9 | | | $ | (0.5) | | | — | % |
(a) Expenses are shown net of reimbursements from collaborator.
Our research and development expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 decreased by $0.5 million compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2018 primarily due to:
•decreased clinical trial costs due to completed enrollment in our margetuximab Phase 3 SOPHIA study; and
•decreased manufacturing and development costs for flotetuzumab.
These decreases were partially offset by:
•increased clinical trial costs related to our ongoing MGD013 Phase 1 study; and
•initiation of our MGC018 Phase 1 study.
General and Administrative Expense
The following represents a comparison of our general and administrative expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Three Months Ended September 30, | | | | Increase | | |
| 2019 | | 2018 | | | | |
| (dollars in millions) | | | | | | |
General and administrative expense | $ | 11.8 | | | $ | 9.6 | | | $ | 2.2 | | | 23 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Nine Months Ended September 30, | | | | Increase | | |
| 2019 | | 2018 | | | | |
| (dollars in millions) | | | | | | |
General and administrative expense | $ | 34.2 | | | $ | 30.0 | | | $ | 4.2 | | | 14 | % |
General and administrative expense increased for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 compared to the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 primarily due to consulting expenses and other professional service fees.
Other Income
The change from other income for the three months ended September 30, 2018 to other expense for the three months ended September 30, 2019 is primarily due to $7.6 million in net unrealized losses recognized on equity securities during the three months ended September 30, 2019. Other income increased by $14.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2018. This increase was primarily due to an increase in the valuation of the warrants received under the Provention License Agreement and Provention Asset Purchase Agreement of $20.5 million prior to the exercise of the warrants in July 2019, and an increase in interest income. This increase was partially offset by $7.6 million in net unrealized losses recognized on equity securities subsequent to the warrant exercise.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
We have historically financed our operations primarily through public and private offerings of equity, upfront fees, milestone payments and license option fees from collaborators and reimbursement through government grants and contracts. As of September 30, 2019, we had $254.4 million in cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities. In addition to our existing cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities, we are eligible to receive additional reimbursement from our collaborators, including under various government grants or contracts, for certain research and development services rendered and additional milestone payments. However, our ability to receive these milestone payments is dependent upon our ability to successfully complete specified research and development activities and is therefore uncertain at this time.
Funding Requirements
We have not generated any revenue from product sales to date and do not expect to do so until such time as we obtain regulatory approval for and commercialize one or more of our product candidates. As we are currently in the clinical trial stage of development, it will be some time before we expect to generate revenue from product sales and it is uncertain that we ever will. We expect that we will continue to increase our operating expenses in connection with ongoing as well as additional clinical trials, preclinical development and potential commercialization of product candidates in our pipeline. We expect to continue our collaboration arrangements and will look for additional collaboration opportunities. We also expect to continue our efforts to pursue additional grants and contracts from the U.S. government in order to further our research and development. Although it is difficult to predict our funding requirements, based upon our current operating plan, we anticipate that our existing cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities as of September 30, 2019, as well as collaboration payments we anticipate receiving, will enable us to fund our operations into 2021, assuming all of our programs and collaborations advance as currently contemplated.
Cash Flows
The following table represents a summary of our cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018:
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| Nine Months Ended September 30, | | |
| 2019 | | 2018 |
| | | |
| (dollars in millions) | | |
Net cash provided by (used in): | | | |
Operating activities | $ | (96.2) | | | $ | (126.0) | |
Investing activities | (87.0) | | | 11.6 | |
Financing activities | 119.7 | | | 104.5 | |
Net change in cash and cash equivalents | $ | (63.5) | | | $ | (9.9) | |
Operating Activities
Net cash used in operating activities reflects, among other things, the amounts used to run our clinical trials and preclinical activities. The principal use of cash in operating activities for all periods presented was to fund our net loss, adjusted for non-cash items, with the nine months ended September 30, 2019 benefiting from the $22.5 million upfront payment from Zai Lab and the $15.0 million upfront payment from I-Mab, and the nine months ended September 30, 2018 benefiting from the $10.0 million upfront payment from Roche.
Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 is primarily due to purchases of marketable securities partially offset by sales of marketable securities. Net cash provided by investing activities during the nine months ended September 30, 2018 is primarily due to maturities of marketable securities partially offset by purchases of marketable securities and making significant leasehold improvements to our facilities, including the build-out of our manufacturing suite at our headquarters location.
Financing Activities
Net cash provided by financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 is primarily due to the proceeds from two firm-commitment underwritten public offerings, which closed in February 2019 and April 2018, respectively.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements, as defined under the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).
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ITEM 3. | QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK |
Our primary objective when considering our investment activities is to preserve capital in order to fund our operations. We also seek to maximize income from our investments without assuming significant risk. Our current investment policy is to invest principally in deposits and securities issued by the U.S. government and its agencies, Government Sponsored Enterprise agency debt obligations, corporate debt obligations and money market instruments. As of September 30, 2019, we had cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities of $254.4 million. Our primary exposure to market risk is related to changes in interest rates. Due to the short-term maturities of our cash equivalents and marketable securities and the low risk profile of our marketable securities, an immediate 100 basis point change in interest rates would not have a material effect on the fair market value of our cash equivalents and marketable securities. We have the ability to hold our marketable securities until maturity, and we therefore do not expect a change in market interest rates to affect our operating results or cash flows to any significant degree.
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ITEM 4. | CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES |
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of September 30, 2019. Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable assurance that the information required to be disclosed in our periodic reports filed with the SEC (such as this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q) has been appropriately recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC's rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Based on their evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of September 30, 2019, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective at the reasonable assurance level.
Changes in Internal Control
There were no changes in the Company's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially effect, the Company's internal control over financial reporting.
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
From time to time we are involved in legal proceedings in the ordinary course of our business. We do not, however, expect such legal proceedings to have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.
There have been no material changes in the risk factors described in “Item 1A. Risk Factors” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018, aside from the risk factors included below:
Risks Related to Our Business and the Development and Commercialization of Our Product Candidates
The results of previous clinical trials may not be predictive of future results, and interim or top line data may be subject to change or qualification based on the complete analysis of data. In addition, the results of our current and planned clinical trials may not satisfy the requirements of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) or non-U.S. regulatory authorities or may not be deemed sufficient to warrant regulatory approval.
Clinical failure can occur at any stage of clinical development. Clinical trials may produce negative or inconclusive results, and we or any of our current and future collaborators may decide, or regulators may require us, to conduct additional clinical or preclinical testing. Success in early clinical trials does not mean that future larger registration clinical trials will be successful because product candidates in later-stage clinical trials may fail to demonstrate sufficient safety and efficacy to the satisfaction of the FDA and non-U.S. regulatory authorities despite having progressed through initial clinical trials. A number
of companies in the pharmaceutical industry, including those with greater resources and experience than us, have suffered significant setbacks in advanced clinical trials, even after obtaining promising results in earlier clinical trials.
We may publicly disclose top line or interim data from time to time, which is based on a preliminary analysis of then-available data, and the results and related findings and conclusions are subject to change following a more comprehensive review of the data related to the particular study or trial. For example, we recently announced second interim overall survival data for the SOPHIA trial of margetuximab for the treatment of certain metastatic breast cancer patients. The top line or interim results that we report may differ from future results of the same studies, or different conclusions or considerations may qualify such results, once additional data have been received and fully evaluated. Top line and interim data also remain subject to audit and verification procedures that may result in the final data being materially different from the preliminary data we previously published. In addition, the achievement of one primary endpoint for a trial does not guarantee that additional co-primary endpoints or secondary endpoints will be achieved. For example, the achievement by margetuximab of its first sequential endpoint for progression-free survival events in the SOPHIA trial does not indicate whether the second sequential endpoint of overall survival will be achieved. In particular, the second interim overall survival analysis, based on 270 events, did not show statistically significant results in the intent to treat population. We currently expect to receive final overall survival results in 2020, and such results may not show statistical significance. Failure to achieve statistical significance in the second sequential endpoint of overall survival in the SOPHIA trial may have an adverse effect on our ability to obtain or retain regulatory approval of margetuximab in the U.S. or in other jurisdictions.
Further, our product candidates may not be approved even if they achieve their primary endpoints in Phase 3 clinical trials or registration trials. For example, we intend to submit a Biologics License Application (BLA) to the FDA for margetuximab by the end of 2019. We expect the BLA to be subject to a 10-month target review period from the time of FDA acceptance of the BLA for filing. We also expect that the FDA will convene an advisory committee meeting to discuss the application, and the FDA will take the recommendation of the advisory committee into account in assessing the application. Regardless of any advisory committee recommendation, FDA may decline to approve the BLA for a number of reasons including, if the clinical benefit, safety profile or effectiveness of the drug is not deemed by the FDA to warrant approval. The FDA or other non-U.S. regulatory authorities may disagree with our trial design for SOPHIA or other trials, and our interpretation of data from preclinical studies and clinical trials. In particular, the FDA may not view our data as being clinically meaningful or statistically persuasive. In addition, any of these regulatory authorities may change requirements for the approval of a product candidate even after reviewing and providing comments or advice on a protocol for a pivotal Phase 3 clinical trial. Any of these regulatory authorities may also approve a product candidate for fewer or more limited indications than we request or may grant approval contingent on the performance of costly post-marketing clinical trials. The FDA or other non-U.S. regulatory authorities may not approve the labeling claims that we believe would be necessary or desirable for the successful commercialization of our product candidates.
Risks Relating to Our Common Stock
We are subject to securities litigation, which is expensive and could divert management attention and adversely impact our business.
The market price of our common stock has been and may continue to be volatile. Companies that have experienced volatility in the market price of their common stock are often subject to securities class action litigation. We are currently a target of this type of securities litigation. Specifically, on September 13, 2019, a putative securities class action complaint was filed against us, and certain of our officers and/or directors in the U.S. District Court for the District of Maryland. [See Part II, Item 1, “Legal Proceedings” in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for further information related to the litigation.] This or any future securities litigation could result in substantial costs and diversion of management’s attention and resources, which could adversely impact our business. Any adverse determination in litigation could also subject us to significant liabilities.
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31.1 | |
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31.2 | |
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32.1 | |
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32.2 | |
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101.INS | XBRL Instance Document |
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101.SCH | XBRL Schema Document |
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101.CAL | XBRL Calculation Linkbase Document |
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101.DEF | XBRL Definition Linkbase Document |
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101.LAB | XBRL Labels Linkbase Document |
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101.PRE | XBRL Presentation Linkbase Document |
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
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| MACROGENICS, INC. | |
| | |
| BY: | /s/ Scott Koenig |
| | Scott Koenig, M.D., Ph.D. |
| | President and Chief Executive Officer |
| | (Principal Executive Officer) |
| | |
| BY: | /s/ James Karrels |
| | James Karrels |
| | Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer |
| | (Principal Financial Officer) |
Dated: November 6, 2019 | | |
EXHIBIT INDEX
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101.INS | XBRL Instance Document |
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101.SCH | XBRL Schema Document |
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101.CAL | XBRL Calculation Linkbase Document |
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101.DEF | XBRL Definition Linkbase Document |
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101.LAB | XBRL Labels Linkbase Document |
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101.PRE | XBRL Presentation Linkbase Document |